The future of Gaza’s reconstruction has become a battleground for Arab nations, pitting Qatar against Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. This dispute transcends mere humanitarian aid, evolving into a significant power struggle with divergent interests in the war-torn strip.
Saudi Arabia and the UAE view the devastation in Gaza as an opportunity to rebalance regional power. Both nations have stipulated strict conditions for financial aid: Hamas must disarm, and a recognized, legitimate administration must take control before any reconstruction funds are released. Until these demands are met, they are unwilling to invest in the enclave’s rebuilding efforts.
Qatar, in contrast, has positioned itself as a steadfast supporter of Gaza, providing essential aid, shelter, and a voice for its people when international attention waned. Doha advocates for immediate reconstruction and humanitarian relief, warning that prolonged delays will exacerbate suffering and regional instability. Qatar’s established relationship with Hamas and its efforts to maintain strong ties with Washington heavily influence this approach.
For Saudi Arabia and the UAE, the caution stems from a reluctance to commit vast sums to a region prone to conflict. Domestic public opinion also plays a crucial role, with many Saudis and Emiratis viewing Hamas as a destabilizing force rather than a legitimate resistance movement. This sentiment reinforces Riyadh and Abu Dhabi’s cautious stance.
Saudi officials have reiterated that reconstruction funds will only be disbursed once the Palestinian Authority or another internationally recognized body assumes control. The UAE, already active in humanitarian efforts, has indicated a potential willingness to participate in a multinational security mission, provided Hamas surrenders its weaponry. Abu Dhabi also seeks reforms within the Palestinian Authority and a greater role in its governance.
Qatar’s long-standing role as a Hamas host and mediator is a key factor. Doha fears losing its diplomatic influence and stresses the urgency of rebuilding Gaza’s infrastructure to prevent further chaos. This stance has garnered favor in Washington, where Qatar is seen as a valuable mediator, with even Israel not entirely dismissing Doha’s potential involvement despite significant mistrust.
Riyadh and Abu Dhabi, however, believe Qatar’s strategy would inadvertently empower Hamas, a group they aim to dismantle. This fundamental disagreement was evident when Saudi and Emirati representatives abstained from a recent summit in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt. The once-united Arab front regarding Gaza now reflects deep divisions, leaving the strip’s future uncertain amidst the rivalries of those claiming to offer salvation.
