The year 2025 proved to be a significant turning point on the world stage, characterized by escalating conflicts, increased geopolitical friction, and substantial economic realignments. International relations and global economic strategies were profoundly reshaped by a series of major events, from ongoing wars and diplomatic impasses to contentious trade disputes. The year saw Donald Trump return to the US presidency, a move that signaled potential shifts in American foreign policy. The India-Pakistan conflict flared up following a deadly terrorist attack in Jammu and Kashmir, leading to significant military operations and sustained border tensions. The Russia-Ukraine war continued its devastating course, remaining a primary concern for global security and energy markets, despite diplomatic efforts. The Middle East experienced a period of intense Iran-Israel hostility, involving airstrikes on nuclear facilities and US intervention. Furthermore, the US and China engaged in a tariff war, impacting global supply chains and exacerbating bilateral tensions over trade and technological dominance. South Asia was also a hotbed of activity, with widespread protests erupting in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Nepal over various issues including political unrest, human rights concerns, and corruption. As 2025 concludes, the world faces a complex landscape of unresolved conflicts, evolving economic frameworks, and changing international partnerships.
