Discovering The Life And Legacy Of Franklin D. Roosevelt

From the Great Depression to World War II, President Franklin D. Roosevelt guided the United States through challenging times. He sought to help the American people in many different ways, including creating social safety nets for the elderly and the unemployed. In 1935, FDR signed the Social Security Act to provide aid to the country's most senior citizens and others in need.

FDR considered the Social Security Act to be one of his greatest accomplishments. In a 1934 speech to Congress, he stated, “I place the security of the men, women, and children of the Nation first.” Roosevelt believed that the American people deserved “some safeguard against misfortunes which cannot be wholly eliminated in this man-made world of ours.” He accomplished this goal with the creation of Social Security. Let’s learn more about the man behind these impressive achievements.

FDR's Family Background

Franklin D. Roosevelt was born into a prominent family, the only child of Sara Delano and James Roosevelt. However, he had a half-brother named James, who was born from his father's first marriage. This connection to another family enriched FDR's life and shaped his perspectives.

His half-brother, affectionately nicknamed "Rosy," was born in 1854, making him significantly older than FDR, who was born in 1882. By the time FDR entered the world, Rosy had already established a family of his own. This family dynamic provided FDR with a broader understanding of relationships and responsibilities.

Passion for Stamp Collecting

One of FDR's lifelong passions was stamp collecting, a hobby he began at the tender age of eight. Encouraged by his mother, who was also a collector, this pastime became a source of comfort and distraction for FDR, especially during his battle with polio. He famously remarked, “I owe my life to my hobbies—especially stamp collecting.”

While in the White House, FDR continued to cultivate his collection, using it as a form of stress relief. He even had the State Department send envelopes containing stamps for his review, showcasing his deep involvement in this hobby.

Education and Early Career

FDR's academic journey was marked by early success. He completed his bachelor's degree in history from Harvard in just three years, displaying a natural aptitude for learning. However, after enrolling at Columbia University to study law, he dropped out after passing the bar exam. This decision marked a significant pivot towards a career in politics.

His political career began in earnest when he won his first election to the New York State Senate in 1910. This transition from law to politics allowed him to influence public policy and serve his community in new ways.

Marriage to Eleanor Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt on March 17, 1905. Interestingly, they were fifth cousins, which adds a unique twist to their family history. Eleanor, the niece of former President Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt, had a significant influence on FDR’s life and political career.

During their wedding, President Theodore Roosevelt walked Eleanor down the aisle, filling in for her late father. This familial connection not only strengthened their bond but also positioned them within a powerful political legacy.

Political Challenges and Victories

FDR's first attempt at winning national office was in 1920 when he was nominated for vice president. He ran alongside James M. Cox, but they lost to Republican candidates Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. Their defeat was significant, with Harding securing about 60 percent of the popular vote.

However, FDR's political journey took a turn for the better when he ran for president. His 1936 election marked one of his greatest victories, as he won an overwhelming 98 percent of the electoral votes, solidifying his place in American history.

Trailblazing Appointments in His Cabinet

FDR made history by appointing Frances Perkins as Secretary of Labor, making her the first woman to hold a cabinet position in a U.S. presidential administration. Perkins was a critical ally in implementing many of FDR's programs, including the Social Security Act.

Her appointment was not the first instance of FDR's recognition of her talents; he had previously appointed her as the labor commissioner of New York when he was governor. This demonstrated his commitment to gender equality in leadership roles.

Record-Setting Presidency

In 1944, FDR was elected to an unprecedented fourth term as president, a feat unmatched in American history. This achievement prompted the 22nd Amendment, which was ratified in 1951, limiting future presidents to two terms.

The amendment states, “No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice...” This change highlights the significant impact FDR had on the presidency and the American political landscape.

FDR's legacy is characterized by his resilience and determination to lead the nation through some of its most challenging times. His innovative policies and commitment to social welfare continue to resonate in today's political climate.