The Life And Legacy Of Nat King Cole: A Musical Icon (1919-1965)

Did you know that Nat King Cole was not only a talented musician but also a significant cultural figure? His journey from a child piano prodigy to a beloved entertainer is remarkable and inspiring. In this article, we will explore his life, music, and the impact he had on the world, particularly as an African American artist during a time of racial tension.

Who Was Nat King Cole?

Nat King Cole was an American musician who first gained fame as a jazz pianist. His soft baritone voice catapulted him to stardom, especially in the big band and jazz genres. In 1956, he made history by becoming the first African American performer to host a variety television series. For many families, he was the first Black man to be welcomed into their homes each night, creating a lasting legacy that continues to resonate today.

Early Years

Cole was born on March 17, 1919, in Montgomery, Alabama. He was known for his smooth vocal style and began his musical journey at a young age, learning piano from his mother, who was a church choir director. Being the son of a Baptist pastor, his early music experiences were rooted in religious themes.

In his early teens, Cole received formal classical piano training but eventually turned his focus to jazz. Inspired by jazz great Earl Hines, he dropped out of school at 15 to pursue a career as a jazz pianist. His first professional recordings came in 1936, and he later toured with the musical revue Shuffle Along.

Rise to Fame with the King Cole Trio

In 1937, Cole formed the King Cole Trio, a name inspired by the children's nursery rhyme. The trio gained popularity and found success in 1943 with their hit "That Ain't Right." Another notable song, "Straighten Up and Fly Right," became a hit in 1944, and the trio continued to produce timeless classics like "The Christmas Song" and "(I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons."

Transforming into a Pop Vocalist

By the 1950s, Cole emerged as a prominent solo artist. He released numerous hits such as "Nature Boy," "Mona Lisa," "Too Young," and "Unforgettable." Collaborating with other musical legends like Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, he solidified his place in music history while befriending pop icons like Frank Sinatra.

Despite facing challenges as an African American performer, including racism during tours in the South and criticism for his perceived lack of activism in the Civil Rights movement, Cole remained dedicated to his craft. His music continued to resonate with audiences, even when he faced a decline in popularity in the late 1950s.

Television and Film Contributions

Navigating the television landscape, Cole made history in 1956 when he became the first African American to host a variety TV series with The Nat King Cole Show. Featuring prominent performers of the time, the show faced challenges, primarily due to a lack of national sponsorship, which many believed reflected the racial issues of the era.

After his show ended in 1957, he remained a fixture on television, appearing on popular programs like The Ed Sullivan Show and The Garry Moore Show. In film, Cole started with smaller roles in the 1940s before landing significant parts in the late 1950s, including his notable portrayal of blues legend W.C. Handy in St. Louis Blues.

Legacy and Impact

In 1964, Cole's life took a tragic turn when he was diagnosed with lung cancer. He passed away on February 15, 1965, at the age of 45. His funeral saw a gathering of the entertainment world's elite, underscoring his impact and legacy. His final recording, L-O-V-E, remains popular and is featured in various film soundtracks.

Since his passing, Cole's music has endured, with songs like "The Christmas Song" becoming holiday staples. His daughter, Natalie Cole, continued his legacy as a successful singer and even recorded a duet of his hit "Unforgettable," showcasing the lasting bond of their musical lineage.

Personal Life

Cole's personal life was as rich as his musical career. He married for the first time at just 17, but his first marriage to Nadine Robinson ended in divorce in 1948. Shortly after, he married singer Maria Hawkins Ellington, with whom he had three biological children—daughters Natalie, Casey, and Timolin—and two adopted children, daughter Carol and son Nat Kelly.

Key Takeaways